Ukrainian energy facilities have implemented a three-level protection system:

▫️The first level involves safeguarding against explosive waves or indirect attacks using Shaheds, which are gabions comprising sandbags secured within metal cages.
▫️The second level incorporates structures designed to defend against direct drone strikes.
▫️At the third level, comprehensive structures are employed to provide combined protection against rocket attacks and "Shahed" strikes.

To support transformers at the substations, concrete block walls have been constructed. Additionally, cylindrical cells filled with sand and stones are utilized. These blocks and cells offer significant protection, accounting for 80-90% of cases, particularly shielding against drones and their debris.