"The current pandemic began in 1961 with the global spread of the El Tor O1 variant. El Tor (or Al-Tur) is a city on the Sinai peninsula where the variant was isolated in 1905; it had once been the site of an Ottoman quarantine station for pilgrims returning from the Hajj. Today, the variant is estimated to infect 1.3 million to 4.0 million people each year, causing 21,000 to 140,000 deaths."

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https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp2214763?query=featured_home