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American Mathematician John Warner Backus was born #OTD in 1924.

He directed the team that invented and implemented FORTRAN, the first widely used high-level programming language, and was the inventor of the Backus–Naur form (BNF), a widely used notation to define formal language syntax. He later did research into the function-level programming paradigm, presenting his findings in his influential 1977 Turing Award lecture "Can Programming Be Liberated from the von Neumann Style?"

#mathematics

"Von Neumann languages do not have useful properties for reasoning about programs. Axiomatic and denotational semantics are precise tools for describing and understanding conventional programs, but they only talk about them and cannot alter their ungainly properties. Unlike von Neumann languages, the language of ordinary algebra is suitable both for stating its laws and for transforming an equation into its solution, all within the "language.""

Can Programming...

~John W. Backus

#mathematics

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From @RELenski post, How to Write a Response to Reviewers in Ten Easy Steps:

"Pay special attention to comments where two (or more) reviewers comment on the same issue. If they both agree (for example, they tell you to clarify or delete some passage), then that is almost certainly something you should do"

telliamedrevisited.wordpress.c

'Pese al criterio de los expertos en Estados Unidos, la legislación antitrans avanza imparable. Hay un gráfico elocuente que compara el mapa del país el 1 de enero de 2021 con el de este otoño. En el de la izquierda, los 50 Estados aparecen en blanco. En el de la derecha, lucen coloreados los 22 que han aprobado leyes que prohíben a los menores el acceso a los tratamientos de género.'

elpais.com/sociedad/2023-12-03

Espanhois de bem

"Un miembro del Opus Dei que es periodista y funcionario en el gabinete de prensa del Ayuntamiento de Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, se ha inventado un caso de pederastia en la Iglesia que envió al correo electrónico abierto por EL PAÍS para investigar esta lacra, y también a la unidad de atención a las víctimas del Defensor del Pueblo."

elpais.com/sociedad/2023-12-02

In my latest column for New Scientist, I talk about the emerging field of trust and safety, and why it's crucial to the future of our digital public sphere ... and yet is consistently overlooked or undervalued. You can read the article for free -- you just need to sign up for a free account. newscientist.com/article/24039

XBB.1.5 monovalent mRNA vaccine has been available since September 2023. However, we found that breakthrough infection with XBB subvariants, including XBB.1.5, does not efficiently induce humoral immunity against the infecting XBB subvariants. e.g., 2/
x.com/SystemsVirology/status/1

bird.makeup/@systemsvirology/1

BREAKING🔔 A new study from G2P-Japan🇯🇵 is out! The preprint will be out so soon, but we first show our results on the efficacy of XBB.1.5 monovalent vaccine - comparison between infection-naïve and XBB-infected individuals. Please retweet/repost🔥 1/

'Now with the new telomere2telomere long read enabled references I figured it would be fun to try asking a similar question. What’s the utility of long reads?3 I.e. how much more of the genome to long reads let us address.'

aseq.substack.com/p/the-utilit

'The number of desaparecidos in Argentina at that stage has been calculated at 1,022. In October, at the Waldorf-Astoria hotel, Kissinger told Guzzetti, "the quicker you succeed the better." The steep and rapid climb into the tens of thousands was incited.'

archive.vanityfair.com/article

At MASP (São Paulo).

"If this sprawling exhibition of 170 artists is an attempt to correct that, bringing Indigenous production into the canon, then it is certainly ambitious in its geographical spread."

ft.com/content/ac6f9f47-cc22-4

"Esta história faz parte de uma lógica que ajudou a alimentar a utilização em massa do carro, com um novo máximo nos Censos de 2021, tendo triplicado em relação a 1991. Isso aconteceu à custa do transporte público e do andar a pé e é a tendência inversa ao que deve acontecer, quando as metas estão hoje viradas para a redução de emissões de gases com efeito de estufa."

publico.pt/2023/12/01/local/re

'Additionally, there are reports that HIV-2 infection can reduce HIV-1-associated pathogenesis in dual-infected patients, and in cell culture. However, the mechanisms underlying these protective effects are not well understood. To decipher these mechanisms, we performed dual infections with HIV-1 and HIV-2 in cell culture.'

journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/j

"In line with the WHO's strategy to stop the spread of this invasive species by enhancing surveillance and control measures in Africa, we incorporated morphological and molecular surveillance of An. stephensi into routine entomological surveillance of malaria vectors in the city of Accra, Ghana. Here, we report on the first detection of An. stephensi in Ghana."

biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/20

"There’s just one problem: It’s not clear how effective nudges really are. One recent analysis of a large study of nudging interventions found that, after accounting for the fact that positive results are more likely to get published, the evidence that nudges change the decisions people make in their everyday lives is not particularly strong."

nytimes.com/2023/11/30/opinion

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