Important point made here: https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/05/elephant-in-the-room-clean-energys-need-for-unsustainable-minerals/

While moving to renewable energy is critical, we can't forget that renewable energy generation requires the use of specific valuable minerals, the mining of which has its own environmental and social issues. Recycling is good, but still not perfect (recycling plants can leak toxins into their surrounding areas). To reduce the *need* for mining and recycling, we need to use less energy. Not on an individual, "turn off the light when you leave the room!!" level, either, but on a society-wide level.