I ran across the FLICC model of science denial a while ago while reading _How to Talk to a Science Denier_ by Lee McIntyre. I can say that throughout the years of engaging flat-earthers, stop-the-stealers, creationists, Covid deniers, vaccine skeptics, QAnon believers, and the like, I have faced every one of the techniques outlined. ([Image Source](https://skepticalscience.com/history-FLICC-5-techniques-science-denial.html))
Two more things to keep in mind in addition to the above:
* **Brandolini's Law**: "The amount of energy needed to refute bullshit is an order of magnitude larger than is needed to produce it." Also known as the **bullshit asymmetry principle**.
* **The Gish Gallop**: A rhetorical technique in which a person in a debate attempts to overwhelm their opponent by providing an excessive number of arguments with no regard for the accuracy or strength of those arguments.
