If the virus adapts to the cellular resources, then the seasonality of the virus could be traced by measuring an environmental variable or by selecting genes with high similarity to the virus. #COVID19 #LongCovid

Detecting highly similar genes could provide some insight into the kind of dysregulation resulting from the acute phase infection. #COVID19 #LongCovid

The following will be a long evolving thread of previously selected genes with high similarity to SARS-Cov2. And its possible involvement in long covid. But some disclaimers. #COVID19 #LongCovid

This is not medical advice, it's just an effort to broaden the discussion regarding post-acute sequelae and long covid. I have a substack on which I describe other methods to analyze genomic data. #COVID19 #LongCovid
https://tavoglc.substack.com/

Posts data and code are free and open source, feel free to subscribe if you think the following can be useful. Supporting this project will allow me to continue to work on these analyses. #COVID19 #LongCovid

Due to its seasonality(solar radiation changes), I think that one of the main dysregulations is the circadian one. Scheduling of circadian events could be disrupted and some daily variations in symptom severity might also be possible. #COVID19 #LongCovid

One of the main regulators of the circadian function inside cells is the CLOCK protein, a gen with high compositional similarity to SARS-Cov. CLOCK is involved in chromatin organization and the circadian cycle. #COVID19 #LongCovid
https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=CLOCK

Delayed sleep phase disorder(DSPD) and Major depressive disorder are diseases associated with CLOCK. DSPD disrupts the timing of biological rhythms such as sleep, periods of alertness, body temperature, and hormonal cycles. #COVID19 #LongC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delayed_sleep_phase_disorder

Involvement between SARS Cov2 and the circadian rhythm has been proposed before. #COVID19 #LongC
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ctm2.949

Specific molecular machinery involved in circadian regulation and highjacked by SARSCov2 infection has already been found. BMAL1, a protein that interacts with CLOCK to synchronize the circadian rhythm, regulates the entry of the virus into the cell. #COVID19 #LongC
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004221011123

And either pharmacological or genetic targeting of BMAL1 reduces SARSCov2 replication. #COVID19 #LongCovid

Pharmacological interventions targeting CLOCK have also been successful in COVID-19 treatment. Lithium an inducer of clock gene expression has shown inhibitory effects of SARS Cov2 replication at the preclinical level. #COVID19 #LongCovid
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S075333222200261X

As well as a faster recovery rate, lowering the days with lymphopenia in a randomized clinical trial setting. #COVID19 #LongCovid
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.850583/full

Also, electronic health records showed a lower incidence of COVID-19 cases in subjects with therapeutic levels of lithium in their blood. #COVID19 #LongCovid
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-british-journal-of-psychiatry/article/abs/association-between-serum-lithium-level-and-incidence-of-covid19-infection/C10A4E115ECCB30AA8FAC30220D1E240

Treating long covid is harder to assess, but there is at least one clinical trial assessing the efficacy with what appears to be promising results. #COVID19 #LongC
https://buffalohealthyliving.com/long-covid-symptoms-low-dose-lithium-may-help-call-716-829-5454/

For some reason, I forgot to add the list of selected genes. This one contains the RefSeq Id #COVID19 #LongCovid

https://github.com/TavoGLC/SARSCov2Solar/blob/main/data/fold_out_0.txt

And this one contains the gene description from the refseq file.

https://github.com/TavoGLC/SARSCov2Solar/blob/main/data/fold_out_names0.txt

Another common symptom of long covid is exercise intolerance. Although it is an uncommon symptom many other diseases generate exercise intolerance. One of those is Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). #COVID19 #LongCovid
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catecholaminergic_polymorphic_ventricular_tachycardia

CPVT causes an abnormal heart rate (arrhythmia) that can be fatal and is triggered by conditions of high excitement such as physical exercise. Mutations in Calmodulin 2, a calcium-handling protein, lead to CPVT. #COVID19 #LongCovid
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25557436/

Calmodulin 2 is also associated with a series of cardiac diseases and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. The main mechanism behind this is due to lower calcium affinity impairing calcium signaling. #COVID19 #LongCovid
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0153851

Calmodulin 2 is also another protein with high compositional similarity to SARSCov2 and also has a role inside the SARSCov2 infection pathway. Calmodulin interaction with ACE2 is important for the infection process. #COVID19 #LongCovid
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00228-020-02963-4

Glycogen storage disease is also another exercise-intolerant disease. Particularly GSD III involves the liver, skeletal, and heart muscle, one cause of such disease is a mutation in the AGL gene. #Covid #LongCovid
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26372/

The AGL gene is a gene with high similarity to the SARS Cov2 genome and codifies for the AGL protein, a protein that debranches glycogen. Exercise intolerance in the scheme of GSD III has been suggested to be an energy deficiency. #Covid #LongCovid
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23507172/

Direct involvement of AGL with SARSCov2 infection has not been found, however pharmacological treatments aiming at AGL have been found to inhibit viral replication. #Covid #LongCovid
https://academic.oup.com/glycob/article/31/4/378/5911971?login=false

While Duvoglustat, another molecule that targets AGL only has been proposed as a treatment for viral infections. #Covid #LongCovid
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00968

@tavoglc Just as an aside, unrelated to your topic: You know you can type longer messages here? Having a chain of short messages isn't really comfortable to read. And yes, people will see the full posts, it's not like they get cut off or anything.