Changes in the environment generate changes in gene expression patterns. Those changes will also modify the nucleotide and the amino acid pools inside the cell. #COVID19 #LongCovid

This over time creates a series of waves of resources inside the cell. If we frame a viral infection as a resource optimization problem then a virus will have seasons with low and high resource availability. #COVID19 #LongCovid

If the virus adapts to the cellular resources, then the seasonality of the virus could be traced by measuring an environmental variable or by selecting genes with high similarity to the virus. #COVID19 #LongCovid

Detecting highly similar genes could provide some insight into the kind of dysregulation resulting from the acute phase infection. #COVID19 #LongCovid

The following will be a long evolving thread of previously selected genes with high similarity to SARS-Cov2. And its possible involvement in long covid. But some disclaimers. #COVID19 #LongCovid

This is not medical advice, it's just an effort to broaden the discussion regarding post-acute sequelae and long covid. I have a substack on which I describe other methods to analyze genomic data. #COVID19 #LongCovid
https://tavoglc.substack.com/

Posts data and code are free and open source, feel free to subscribe if you think the following can be useful. Supporting this project will allow me to continue to work on these analyses. #COVID19 #LongCovid

Due to its seasonality(solar radiation changes), I think that one of the main dysregulations is the circadian one. Scheduling of circadian events could be disrupted and some daily variations in symptom severity might also be possible. #COVID19 #LongCovid

One of the main regulators of the circadian function inside cells is the CLOCK protein, a gen with high compositional similarity to SARS-Cov. CLOCK is involved in chromatin organization and the circadian cycle. #COVID19 #LongCovid
https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=CLOCK

Delayed sleep phase disorder(DSPD) and Major depressive disorder are diseases associated with CLOCK. DSPD disrupts the timing of biological rhythms such as sleep, periods of alertness, body temperature, and hormonal cycles. #COVID19 #LongC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delayed_sleep_phase_disorder

Involvement between SARS Cov2 and the circadian rhythm has been proposed before. #COVID19 #LongC
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ctm2.949

Specific molecular machinery involved in circadian regulation and highjacked by SARSCov2 infection has already been found. BMAL1, a protein that interacts with CLOCK to synchronize the circadian rhythm, regulates the entry of the virus into the cell. #COVID19 #LongC
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004221011123

And either pharmacological or genetic targeting of BMAL1 reduces SARSCov2 replication. #COVID19 #LongCovid

Pharmacological interventions targeting CLOCK have also been successful in COVID-19 treatment. Lithium an inducer of clock gene expression has shown inhibitory effects of SARS Cov2 replication at the preclinical level. #COVID19 #LongCovid
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S075333222200261X

As well as a faster recovery rate, lowering the days with lymphopenia in a randomized clinical trial setting. #COVID19 #LongCovid
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.850583/full

Also, electronic health records showed a lower incidence of COVID-19 cases in subjects with therapeutic levels of lithium in their blood. #COVID19 #LongCovid
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-british-journal-of-psychiatry/article/abs/association-between-serum-lithium-level-and-incidence-of-covid19-infection/C10A4E115ECCB30AA8FAC30220D1E240